Chapter 19.1  Student Notes

Vocabulary

conjugate acid-

conjugate base-

conjugate pair-

hydronium ion-

amphoteric-

monoprotic acids-

diprotic acids-

triprotic acids-

Acids taste ________. Bases taste ________ and feel ________.

Acid Base Theories

Arrhenius Acids-

Arrhenius Bases-

 NaOH_(s) →Na⁺_(aq) + OH^-_(aq)

Brønsted-Lowry Acids-

Brønsted-Lowry Bases-

NH_3(aq) + H₂O_(l) ↔ NH₄⁺_(aq) + OH^-_(aq)

Lewis Acids-

Lewis Base-

Hydrogen Ions and Acidity

Neutral solution-

In any aqueous solution, when [ H⁺] increases, [OH^-] decreases, and when [OH^-] increases, [ H⁺] decreases----______________

Acidic solution-

Basic solution-

Concept of pH

pH= - log[ H⁺]

The pH scale ranges from 0, ________, to 14, _________.   Neutral solutions have a pH of 7.

pOH= - log [OH^-]

pH + pOH = 14

Measuring pH

An indicator responds to pH changes over a specific range and changes color in response to acidic or basic conditions.

Lesson 1

Acids and Bases Unit